Intégration de l'information moléculaire dans l'évaluation génétique. (Integration of molecular information in breeding value estimation)
نویسنده
چکیده
Integration of molecular information in breeding value estimation. For many years, breeding value estimation in domestic animal species has been based on the polygenic model. This model relies exclusively on pedigree and phenotypic informations. Molecular markers make it possible to follow the transmission of genes affecting phenotypes and, therefore, has opened new perspectives for evaluation improvements. Several models integrating molecular information have been described in literature, suited to the molecular information available. In some situations, the genes underlying the genetic variability of phenotypes are known, as well as their alleles and effects. More frequently, these genes are still unknown and are roughly or finely mapped in a QTL region. A breeding value evaluation with molecular information has been set up in 2001 in the three main French dairy cattle breeds. This thesis presents an overview of this original scheme and of its efficiency, based on both simulated and real data. In the next chapter, we present the results of a large scale QTL fine mapping experiment using high throughput SNP genotyping. These results have been used in a new and more efficient evaluation model described in the next chapter. Finally, the tremendous impact of these new technologies in animal breeding are discussed in the conclusion. 3 pa st el -0 05 74 56 2, v er si on 1 8 M ar 2 01 1 Mots clés : Sélection assistée par marqueurs Bovins laitiers QTL
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